Vaporizing apparatus.



No. 663,444. Patented Dec. H, I900.

A. K|TSON..

VAPURIZING APPARATUS. (Application filed Feb. 16, 1900.) (No Model.)

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Uwrrno FFIiCQ PATENT ARTHUR KITSON, OF PHILADELPHIA, PENNSYLVANIA, ASSIGNOR TO THE KITSON I-IYDROCARBON HEATING AND INCANDESOENT LIGHTING COM- PANY, OF SAME PLACE AND CHARLESTON, lVEST VIRGINIA.

VAPORIZING APPARATUS.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 663,444, dated December 11, 1900.

Application filed February 1900- Serial No. 5,547. (No model.)

To (all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, ARTHUR KITSON, a subject of the Queen of Great Britain, and a resident of Philadelphia, (Germantown,) county of Philadelphia, State of Pennsylvania, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Vaporizing Apparatus, of which the following is a specification.

My invention relates generally to vapor- IO burning apparatus,andis morespecificallydesigned to produe a simple and effective vaporizer or vaporizing device for usein connection with such apparatus which will serve to convert a fluid hydrocarbon into vapor without disengaging an appreciable amount of the contained carbon.

Heretofore considerable difficulty has been experienced in maintaining vapor-burning lamps, 850., in continuous operation owing to the deposit of carbon in the vaporizing-chamber thereof, which tends to accumulate around and clog the vapor-outlet, and this action is particularly noticeable in lamps or other vapor-burning apparatus employing a single vaporizing-tube which is maintained at a temperature sufficiently high to effect the vaporization of oil and to which the oil in a cold state or at atmospheric temperature is admitted direct from a storage-tank.

The inven tion therefore is designed to avoid the objections above set forth; and this object is attained by first admitting the oil to a moderately-heated chamber, where its temperature is gradually raised, and then causing it to pass into the vaporizing-tube proper, where it is converted into vapor with little or no deposit of carbon.

The preferred form of apparatus embodying my invention is illustrated by a view in secional elevation in the accompanying drawing, in which-- 1 1 represent the vapor-burners of an ordinary cluster type of lamp, which are inclosed by a glass globe 2 and to which the vapor is fed by way of a mixing-tube 3. From the casing 4 a chimney 5 rises to provide outlet for the hot gases, 850., in their escape from the burners.

6 represents an oil-supply pipe which is connected in any suitable manner, as by the union 7, with the vaporizing chamber or tube 8. This tube extends transversely through the chimney in a horizontal plane above the burners and is provided with an outlet 9, located above the bottom of the chamber at a point considerably removed. therefrom, so that only that portion of the oil which has separated from its disengaged carbon, &c., by being partially vaporized will find ready escape, while the impuritiessuch as carbon, tar, &c.by reason of their greater specific gravity will settle and tend to depositrat the bottom of the tube. From this chamber the oil and vapor enter a connecting-tube 10 of restricted cross-section and are led downward and directed into a second vaporizing chamber or tube 11. The tube 11 is arranged below and parallel to the first-mentioned tube at a point directly above the burners and is thereby maintained at a higher temperature to effeet the complete vaporization of the oil adm itted thereto. The free end of the tube lies with in the open end of the mixing-tube and is provided with a vapor-outlet 12, through which the vapor is discharged in a jet, as indicated at 13, and passes through the tube 3 to the burners.

14 represents a heat-shield, which in crosssection is approXimatelyV-shaped and straddles the lower vaporizing-tube, in which position it is suitably supported, as by the rod 15, depending from the chimney-cap. The shield as arranged serves to retard or check the flow of hot gases &c., in their escape from the burners and causes them to accumulate and envelop the lower tube 11, and thereby maintain the latter at a high temperature. In their escape through the openings and around the end of the heat-shield the gases pass upward around the second tube 8; but owing to the fact that'this lastmentioned tube is removed at a greater dis-' tance from the burners its temperature will not equal that of the lower tube.

The operation is as follows: Oil from the storage-tank or other source of supply is admitted under pressure to the upper tube 8 by way of a connection 6, where its temperature is gradually raised and passes from thence in aheated state to the lower tube, is converted into vapor, and dischargedin the form of a jet into the tube 3, where it mixes with air and is led downward to supply the burners.

Some of the main advantages of myinvention lie in its simplicity and eifectiveness in overcoming the objectionable accumulation of carbon in the vaporizing-tube and the resultant saving in time and labor heretofore required in keeping the tube clean. Furthermore, by preventing the accumulation of carbon in the vapor-outlet the operation of the lamp is rendered continuous and free from interruption in the manner set forth. These advantages result from the use of the preheating-tube 8 in the line of connections of the oil-supply owing to the fact that the heating of the oil is effected gradually instead of admit-ting it in a cold state directly to a red-hot vaporizing-tube. I have found that where the oil is introduced into a cham ber heated to the vaporizing-point the sudden heat tends to dissociate the elements of the compounds forming the hydrocarbon, disengaging a certain amount of carbon which deposits in the tube as a solid body. This accumulation of carbon constitutes one of the greatest difficulties encountered in the use of vapor-burning apparatus owing to its action in clogging the vapor-outlet, preventing the transmission of su fficient heat through the tube-wallto effect the vaporization of the oil, &c. Furthermore, by mountingthe tubes in openings of the chimney in the manner illustrated a convenient support is provided,

- the tubes are readily accessible should they require attention, and they may be removed and replaced without detaching any other part of the apparatus.

Itis evident, of course, that various changes could be made in the construction illustrated without departing from the spirit and scope of my invention, so long as the principle of operation described in the specification or the general arrangements of parts illustrated in the drawing are preserved. Other forms of tube might be employed, or the tubes may be differently located, so long as they are within the heating zone of the lamp-burner and relatively disposed to gradually raise the temperature of the oil. Again, the connection between the tubes may lie within the lampcasing instead of being arranged exterior to it, if so desired.

Having therefore described my invention, what I claim as new, and desire to protect by Letters Patent, is-

1. The combination with vapor-burning apparatus, of vaporizing chambers arranged above and at different distances from the burner and provided with requisite inlets and outlets and a communicating passage-way between the chambers leading from a point above the bottom of the chamber farthest removed from the burner.

2. The combination with vapor-burning apparatus, of vaporizing-chambers extending across the chimney above and at different dis tances from the burner and provided with requisite inlets and outlets and a comm unieating passageway between the chambers leading from a point above the bottom of the chamber farthest removed from the burner.

3. The combination with vapor-burning apparatus, of vaporizing chambers arranged above and at different distances from the burner and provided with requisite inlets and outlets and a communicating passage-way of restricted cross-section between the chambers leading from a point above the bottom of the chamber farthest removed from the burner.

4. The combination with vapor-burningapparatus, of vaporizing-chambers extending across the chimney above and at different dis tances from the burner and provided with requisite inlets and outlets, and a communicatin g passage-way of restricted crosssection between the chambers leading from a point above the bottom of the chamber farthestremoved from the burner.

5. The combination with a vapor-burning apparatus, of communicating vaporizingchambers provided with requisite inlets and outlets and a heat-shield cooperating with one of said chambers.

6. The combination with a vapor-burning apparatus, of communicating vaporizingchambers provided with requisite inlets and outlets and a heat-shield cooperating with the chamber nearest the vapor-burner.

7. The combination with a vapor-burning apparatus, of communicating vaporizingchambers provided with requisite inlets and outlets, and a heat-shield interposed between the chambers.

8. The combination with a vapor-burning apparatus, of communicating vaporizingchambers provided with requisite inlets and outlets, and a heat-shield interposed between the chambers and partially surrounding the chambernearest the vapor-burner.

9. The combination with a vapor-burning apparatus and a casing therefor, of communicating vaporizing-tubes arranged one above the other and extending transversely through the casing of the apparatus above the vaporburner, and a heat-shield straddling the lower tube.

Signed by me at New York, N. Y., this 8th day of February, 1900.

ARTHUR KITSON.

Witnesses:

W. H. PUMPHREY, PHILIP HAYES. 

